Caves May Give Opening to Establishment of Moon Base

Lunar lava tubes may assist in fulfilling order to NASA to establish “initial element of a permanent lunar outpost by 2030” as these caves shelter from radiation, meteorites, temperatures, CMEs; data from LRO evidences cave with stable temp of 17°C extending >60m from base of pit in Mare Tranquillitatis, although cave could extend many km; inflatable module inside would obviate sealing / pressurizing; proposed cave exploration by China, ESA, ispace includes tethered probe or robots: swarms, legged, flying; China taikonaut Ye Guangfu leads cave team for 5 nights at 8°C with psychology / emergency aspects after ESA cave training
Image Credits: CNSA, NASA








Long-awaited USA flagship spacecraft Artemis 1, comprised of $US23B+ Boeing / Northrop Grumman developed Space Launch System (SLS) and $20B+ / 4-crew Lockheed Martin Orion capsule slated to roll out to LC-39B at KSC 18 Aug ahead of 29 Aug launch to Moon; 42-day mission includes 4-day outbound phase, 6-day retrograde orbit; 5-m diameter, 186-piece AVCOAT heatshield must withstand 2,760°C while travelling 11 km/s upon reentry, a record for human-rated craft; “Any one of our 42 active astronauts is eligible” for Artemis 2/3 human Moon Missions, per Astronaut Office Chief Reid Wiseman